Caesar 📍 🆒

: Facing prosecution from political rivals in the Senate, Caesar defied orders to disband his army and crossed the Rubicon River in 49 BCE, sparking a civil war. Rule and Reform

Caesar’s accumulation of power led to a conspiracy among senators who feared he intended to become king. Caesar

: From 58–50 BCE, Caesar conquered Gaul (modern France and Belgium), bringing vast wealth and loyal veteran legions under his command. : Facing prosecution from political rivals in the

: The plot included his close friend Marcus Junius Brutus , leading to the legendary (though likely apocryphal) last words, "Et tu, Brute?". Brute?". After defeating Pompey

After defeating Pompey, Caesar consolidated power as "Dictator for Life". His short rule left a lasting mark on Western civilization: