If the router is completely dead, you must clip onto the flash chip or desolder it. Open the case and locate the SPI Flash chip. Connect your programmer (like CH341A) to the chip.

If you can still access a recovery page, you can sometimes "push" the firmware without special hardware. Turn off the modem. Hold the button and turn it back on. Keep holding for 20 seconds, then release. Navigate to 192.168.1.1 in your browser. Upload the extracted file and click Upgrade . Method B: External Programmer (For unbricking)

: Tools like the CH341A are often used to write to the Winbond 25Q16 flash chip found on this board.

: Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to extract the actual firmware file from the RAR archive. 🚀 Step 3: Flashing Methods