More Complete Information Needed about Hate Crimes ... - GAO

: Approximately 63% of online hate occurs on social media, often perpetrated by strangers. 3. Impact on Individuals and Society

This report examines the definitions, impacts, and reporting mechanisms related to "hate," focusing on hate speech, hate incidents, and hate crimes. 1. Defining "Hate" in Social & Legal Contexts

While "hate" is an emotion, in public policy and law it is categorized by specific actions motivated by bias against "identity factors" like race, religion, sexual orientation, disability, or nationality.

: Any form of expression intended to vilify, humiliate, or incite hatred against a group based on protected characteristics. It often relies on a "we vs. they" contrast and stereotypes.

: Younger adults (18-34) are significantly more likely (49%) to encounter online hate than older adults.

: One in three adults reported seeing online hate in the past year, and 18% personally experienced it.

: Acts of prejudice that are not criminal, such as using racial slurs or non-threatening bullying.