: Captured Byzantine territories in Anatolia and the Balkans.

: Reached the gates of Vienna and dominated the Mediterranean.

: Increasing debt and nationalist uprisings weakened central control. 4. Collapse (1908–1922)

: Re-established the constitution in 1908.

📍 The Ottomans left a profound mark on Islamic architecture, multi-ethnic governance, and the modern borders of the Middle East and Balkans. If you'd like, I can:

: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923.

: Captured Constantinople in 1453, ending the Byzantine Empire. 2. The Golden Age (1453–1566)