Storia Delle Relazioni Internazionali. Dal 1918... < Validated >

: The US implemented the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan to halt Soviet expansion.

: Created to prevent future conflicts through collective diplomacy. It ultimately proved weak due to the absence of the United States and lack of enforcement power.

: The 1990s saw the rapid expansion of liberal democracy, global trade, and the European Union. Storia delle relazioni internazionali. Dal 1918...

🌐 Phase 4: The Post-Cold War and Multipolar Era (1991–Present)

: Economic stagnation and internal reforms (Glasnost and Perestroika) led to the fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. : The US implemented the Truman Doctrine and

: Formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955.

: The Treaty of Versailles and other treaties dismantled empires (Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman) and imposed harsh reparations on Germany. : The 1990s saw the rapid expansion of

: The September 11, 2001 attacks shifted global priorities toward counter-terrorism and led to conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq.