Self: A Systematic Approach...: The Analysis Of The

: These are external individuals (originally caregivers) experienced as part of the self. They perform vital functions—such as soothing or validating—that the person cannot yet do for themselves.

: Develops through "mirroring" (affirmation) from others. The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach...

The book established new "industry standards" for treating personality disorders by introducing specific therapeutic techniques: The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach...